In all cases, a rapid and accurate diagnosis is important for treatment and prognosis. They metastasise rarely (apart from haemangiosarcomas). Wide surgical excision is the treatment of choice. Make an appointment with your doctor if you have: A lump. Sarcomas are often highly infiltrative and locally aggressive, with a high likelihood of recurrence. A noticeable lump or swelling Pain, if a tumor presses on nerves or muscles. Spindle cell proliferation occurs as a fibroplastic response in granulomatous inflammation, and this may be impossible to differentiate from benign or malignant neoplasms.Ī biopsy and histopathology are usually necessary to confirm the diagnosis.īenign forms are usually well circumscribed and can be surgically removed with an excellent prognosis. Large, plump spindle cells large nuclei and prominent nucleoli prominent nuclear variability multinucleated giant cells pink extracellular stroma Often, a diagnosis of spindle cell tumour is as specific a diagnosis as can be made.Ĭommon cytological findings for benign spindle cell tumours include: small spindle-shaped cells, small nuclei, minimal anisocytosis.Ĭyological findings for sarcomas include: It may be possible to determine the tissue of origin if there is evidence of collagen, cartilage, bone, fat or myxomatous material formation by the tumour cells. Nuclei are often fusiform as well and cytoplasmic tails may fade into the background. Their pathogenesis, presentation, and prognosis are highly variable, and numerous techniques for workup and treatment have been reported. Cutaneous spindle cell tumors share the common feature of appearing as spindle-shaped cells on light microscopy. On cytological examination: cells are individual rather than adherent, fusiform, and with indistinct cell borders. Spindle cell neoplasms encountered in dermatologic surgery: a review. Generally spindle cell tumours do not exfoliate well, although exceptions exist. Other tumours Haemangiopericytoma and Schwannoma Diagnosis Tumours of the lymphatics Lymphangioma and lymphangiosarcoma Tumours of the blood vessel endothelium Haemangioma and Haemangiosarcoma Tumours of muscle Leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma It can be difficult to differentiate between the different forms of spindle cell tumours, and also to distinguish between spindle cell neoplasia and a fibroplastic spindle cell proliferative response.Ĭonnective tissue tumours Fibroma and Fibrosarcoma Myxoma and myxosarcoma Spindle cell tumours can be benign (suffix -oma) or malignant (suffix -sarcoma), and will arise from these different cell lines. The name 'spindle cell' refers to the shape of the cell on cytology and histology. Spindle cells are of mesenchymal origin, and form the body's connective tissue, fat, muscle, bone, cartilage and blood vessels. Spindle cell carcinoma, also termed carcinosarcoma, pseudosarcoma, polypoid carcinoma, sarcomatoid carcinoma, and spindle cell variant of squamous cell carcinoma, is a rare type of malignant tumor that often grows as an exophytic polypoid lesion (see also Chapter 20).
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